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SALAMANCA, UNIVERSITY OF

state institution of higher learning, in Salamanca, Spain, under the jurisdiction of the ministry of education. The university was founded in 1218 by Alfonso IX, king of Léon, as a royal university and was reorganized by Alfonso X, king of Léon and Castile in 1254. The institution reached the height of its influence during the 16th century, when it had about 6800 students. It declined subsequently, along with the other Spanish universities.

Reactivated in 1940, the University of Salamanca consists of faculties of biology, chemistry, fine arts, geography and history, law, medicine, pharmacy, philology, philosophy, economics, and the physical and social sciences, as well as several affiliated institutions. The licenciado is awarded after five to seven years of study, and is the equivalent of a U.S. baccalaureate degree. The doctorate, the equivalent of a U.S. master’s degree, is awarded after an additional one to two years of study and the completion of a thesis. The libraries contain, in addition to bound volumes, collections of incunabula, rare books, and manuscripts.

An article from Funk & Wagnalls® New Encyclopedia. © 2006 World Almanac Education Group. A WRC Media Company. All rights reserved. Except as otherwise permitted by written agreement, uses of the work inconsistent with U.S. and applicable foreign copyright and related laws are prohibited.

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Among the more famous domesticated animals are the bulls bred near Seville and Salamanca for bullfighting, the Spanish national sport.

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