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(1767–1845), German critic, translator, and scholar, born in Hannover and educated at the University of Göttingen. As professor of literature at the universities of Jena and then Bonn, he devoted much time to writing. With his brother Friedrich, the principal philosopher of German romanticism, he founded Athenaeum (1798–1800), the chief journal of the movement. In August von Schlegel’s most influential work of criticism, Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature (1809–11; trans. 1815), he propounded his belief that a literary critic should try to understand the individuality and originality of a work rather than evaluate it according to accepted aesthetic standards. His outstanding translations of 17 Shakespeare plays helped make Shakespeare popular in Germany and influenced German romantic drama. His translation of Pedro Calderón and other Spanish dramatists in Spanisches Theater (2 vol., 1803–9) introduced their work to German audiences. In addition, Schlegel wrote the play Ion (1803), based on a Greek tragedy, and initiated the German study of Sanskrit.
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ENCYCLOPEDIA:
SCHLEGEL, August Wilhelm von
SCHLEGEL, August Wilhelm von. (1767–1845), German critic, translator, and scholar, born in Hannover and educated at the University of Göttingen. In August von . . . ENCYCLOPEDIA: SCHLEGEL, Friedrich von
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