History Made Every Day™

ENDERS, John Franklin

(1897–1985), American microbiologist, and Nobel laureate, noted for his research in culturing viruses, which paved the way for viral vaccines. Born in West Hartford, Conn., and educated at Yale and Harvard universities, he joined the faculty of the Harvard University Medical School in 1929, and in 1956 became a full professor. He joined the research division of infectious diseases at the Children's Hospital in Boston in 1946. Enders led a research team that developed a technique of growing viruses in slices of tissue rather than in whole organisms or organs. First announced in 1949, this technique has become a strategic tool in controlling virus diseases; for example, it made possible the development of mass vaccination against poliomyelitis. Enders shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine with his coworkers Thomas H. Weller and Frederick C. Robbins “for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue.”

An article from Funk & Wagnalls® New Encyclopedia. © 2006 World Almanac Education Group. A WRC Media Company. All rights reserved. Except as otherwise permitted by written agreement, uses of the work inconsistent with U.S. and applicable foreign copyright and related laws are prohibited.

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ENCYCLOPEDIA:

WELLER, Thomas H(uckle)

In 1939 he began working with American microbiologist John Franklin Enders in order to learn tissue culture procedures that he wished to apply to his own studies in parasitology. Upon his return, Weller completed his pediatric training at Children’s . . .

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ENCYCLOPEDIA: ROBBINS, Frederick C(hapman)

ENCYCLOPEDIA: ENDERS, John Franklin

ENCYCLOPEDIA: MEDICINE

ENCYCLOPEDIA: POLIOMYELITIS,

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