Charles Martel, commander of the Franks, repels the Moorish advance through France and becomes the savior of Christianity in Europe.

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On July 14, 1941, Bastille Day, a radio address from French Gen. Charles de Gaulle urges Americans to join the struggle against Nazi tyranny and oppression. De Gaulle had fled to Britain in 1940.

Manson took to a life of crime early on in life. He spent 17 years in jails, reformatories and prisons for various crimes, such as forging government checks, stealing and violent acts.

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Abundant trade and shipping spread the Black Death rapidly through Asia and Europe.