The plight of American Farmers was now center stage, with Young going so far as to place a full-page ad in USA Today on October 4 with an open letter to President Ronald Reagan asking, “Will the family farm in America die as a result of your administration?” His aim was to not only raise awareness, but to help solve the problems by advocating change to farming laws coming out of Washington, D.C.
But for Nelson, more action and activism was still desperately needed. “It didn’t stop there,” the “Georgia on My Mind” singer writes in his 2015 autobiography It’s a Long Story: My Life. “The fate of the small farmer was a topic I couldn’t ignore. More I read, more motivated I became to help publicize their plight.”
The hardships endured by American farmers resonated deeply with Nelson who grew up poor in rural Texas. Brought up by his paternal grandparents, he helped raise hogs, tend vegetables and pick cotton, and was a member at a young age of the Future Farmers of America, an organization with strong support in rural areas at the time.
Congress Passes the Agricultural Credit Act
Nelson and Young had personally appealed to Congress three days prior to the first Farm Aid concert. But it was in 1987 that a massive campaign for farm credit law reform led to Congress passing the Agricultural Credit Act, saving thousands of family farms from foreclosure.
Alongside farmers, Nelson testified to Congress, saying, “If we abandon the farmer, we’re abandoning the essential values that made America great.” In support of the new legislation, Nelson sent letters to nearly 90,000 family farm borrowers explaining where they could find financial and legal counsel.
Such political activism has continued alongside the annual Farm Aid benefit concerts. Meanwhile, the number of farms in the U.S. has continued to decline—from 8.6 million in 1935 to 2.04 million in 2017. Though small farms (less than $350,000 in Gross Cash Farm Income, GCFI) accounted for 90 percent of all U.S. farms, according to a 2019 report by U.S. Department of Agriculture, large scale family farms ($1 million or more in GCFI) accounted for only 3 percent of farms, but 46 percent of the value of total production.
In 2019, Farm Aid distributed more than $1 million, including grants to farm families and 95 family farms, rural service and urban agriculture organizations, and awarding scholarships to college students studying agriculture.
“I’m not saying that my friends and I single-handedly saved the farmer or stopped the suffering of those looking to make a living off the land. We did not,” Nelson wrote in 2015. “In this postmodern world of corporate greed and government indifference, the family farm continues to struggle. But the struggle is a noble one.”
Facing unexpected consequences due to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, Nelson set to work organizing a virtual concert to raise funds for and spirits of American farmers. The “At Home with Farm Aid” April 11 benefit featured performances by Nelson, Mellencamp, Young and Matthews and raised more than $500,000 to help family farmers impacted by the coronavirus crisis.