Facts About Islam
Islam is the world’s second largest religion after Christianity and has around 2 billion followers. Islam originated in Arabia and has spread all over the world.
Countries with the largest Muslim populations include Indonesia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Egypt, Iran and Turkey. There are an estimated 3.45 million Muslims in America, along with Islamic places of worship, called mosques, in all 50 states.
Did you know?
America’s first mosque was built by Lebanese immigrants in North Dakota in the 1920s. The mosque was torn down in the 1970s and later replaced. What is believed to be the oldest surviving mosque in the U.S. was constructed in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, in the 1930s.
Muslims believe that in A.D. 610 a man named Muhammad (c. 570-632) from the Arabian city of Mecca started receiving revelations from God, or Allah, via the angel Gabriel. The revelations were collected into a 114-chapter holy book known as the Quran (or Koran), which Muslims believe contains the exact words of God.
Muhammad is, according to Muslims, the final prophet in a line of prophets (including Adam, Abraham, Moses and Jesus) who God chose to act as messengers and teach humankind. Muslims believe there is one all-knowing God, and people can achieve salvation by following his commandments. In Arabic, Islam means “submission” or “surrender” (to God).
A series of formal acts of worship, known as the Five Pillars of Islam, are fundamental to the lives of Muslims. The pillars include shahada (a declaration of faith: “There is no deity but God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God”), prayer (Muslims pray five times a day), zakat (charitable giving), fasting and pilgrimage (Muslims are supposed to make a trip, or “hajj,” to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, at least once in a lifetime if they are physically and financially able).
7 Facts About Ramadan—Islam’s Holiest Month
Get the facts on the traditions of Ramadan and the significance behind the holiest month of the year for Muslims around the world.
Get the facts on the traditions of Ramadan and the significance behind the holiest month of the year for Muslims around the world.
When Is Ramadan?
Ramadan is the ninth month of the 12-month Islamic calendar, a lunar calendar that is about 11 days shorter than the solar-based Gregorian calendar. As a result, Ramadan doesn’t start on the same date each year and, instead, passes through all the seasons over time.
Ramadan 2026 is expected to begin on the evening of Tuesday, February 17, following the crescent moon sighting, and to conclude at sundown on Thursday, March 19. This year, Ramadan lasts 30 days.
Why Is Ramadan Celebrated?
Ramadan is celebrated as the month during which Muhammad received the initial revelations of what became the Quran, the holy book for Muslims, from God.
The Quran states: “The month of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur’an, guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion. So whoever sights [the new moon of] the month, let him fast it.”
The Rules of Ramadan
During Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn to dusk each day. They are supposed to avoid eating, drinking, smoking and sexual activity as well as unkind or impure thoughts and words and immoral behavior.
Ramadan is a time to practice self-restraint and self-reflection. Fasting is seen as a way to cleanse the soul and have empathy for those in the world who are hungry and less fortunate. Muslims go to work and school and take care of their usual activities during Ramadan; however, some also read the entire Quran, say special prayers and attend mosques more frequently during this time.
All Muslims who have reached puberty and are in good health are required to fast. The sick and elderly, along with travelers, pregnant women and people who are nursing are exempt, though they are supposed to make up for the missed fast days sometime in the future or help feed the poor.
The first pre-dawn meal of the day during Ramadan is called “suhoor.” Each day’s fast is broken with a meal known as “iftar.” Iftars are often elaborate feasts celebrated with family and friends. The types of foods served vary according to culture. However, tradition dictates that Muslims break fast by first eating a date.
Eid al-Fitr
The conclusion of Ramadan is marked with a major celebration known as Eid al-Fitr (or Eid ul-Fitr), the Feast of Fast-Breaking. It starts the day after Ramadan ends and lasts for three days.
Eid al-Fitr includes special prayers and meals with friends and relatives, and gifts are often exchanged.
In 1996, then-first lady Hillary Clinton hosted the first Eid al-Fitr dinner at the White House. President Bill Clinton and subsequent presidents have continued the tradition during their terms in office.
