HISTORY Honors 250 Years of Innovation

Norma Merrick Sklarek was one of the first Black female architects in America who helped build iconic structures across the country.

The first half of the 20th century saw massive surges in polio cases, resulting in extended hospital stays for many, including Eleanor Abbot, a retired schoolteacher who invented Candyland to entertain the children she met in the polio ward.

By the 1990s, synthetic voices for computers and the disabled were mostly male until researcher Ann Syrdal helped develop the first functional female synthetic voice, paving the way for AI assistants like Siri.

Beulah Louise Henry was an American inventor whose creations—including the double chain stitch sewing machine, vacuum ice cream freezer, hair curler, double-ended umbrella and improved can opener—helped revolutionize manufacturing technology.

At 31, Henrietta Lacks unknowingly donated cells at Johns Hopkins; they became the first human cell line able to reproduce indefinitely.

The Great Blizzard of Feb. 23, 1888, saved lives and spurred advances in forecasting and emergency management, reshaping disaster response.

Snowmobiles are a common winter sight, but there was a time when driving in the snow took a bit more creativity.

On January 6, 1838, Samuel Morse demonstrated his telegraph at Speedwell Iron Works, using electric signals to send coded messages.

Harrison was an American designer, speaker, educator and the first African American to lead a major design department.

Mary Ross, one of the first Native American women engineers, helped shape top-secret Cold War projects that changed history.

Thomas Edison, America’s greatest inventor, was also deaf—a trait that sharpened his focus and fueled his groundbreaking innovations.

Out of the ashes of the Great Chicago Fire came a new and better way to build.

Born to formerly enslaved parents, Lewis Latimer drew Bell’s telephone plans and later advised Edison on inventing the light bulb.

The invention of the safety bike gave women a newfound freedom of movement.

In 1894, two brothers opened NYC’s “Kinetoscope Parlor,” sparking the rise of movie theaters across America and the world.

The ice cream cone is one of America's favorite summertime treats, but it was actually a happy accident that gave us this beloved dessert.

Born from supermarkets' need to speed up checkout, the bar code revolutionized market research and boosted production efficiency.

When John Muir and Teddy Roosevelt spent three nights in Yosemite, it would soon pave the way for a National Park Service.

The invention of charcoal briquets came about thanks to a camping trip by Thomas Edison and Henry Ford.

The first USB flash drives hit the market in the late 1990s and were a game-changer. No more bulky floppy disks or slow CD-Rs—USB drives were small, portable and lightning-fast.

Grace Hopper, pioneer of computer science, lived in Virginia later in life and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

Hedy Lamarr, Hollywood actress, is known for more than her acting—she invented a signal-hopping technology used in Wi-Fi.

In 1969, Stanford programmer Bill Duvall sent the first inter-computer communication, which many consider to be the birth of the internet.

Without their sister, Katharine, the Wright brothers may have never taken flight.