By: HISTORY.com Editors

2022

Russia invades Ukraine

AFP via Getty Images
Published: February 19, 2026Last Updated: February 20, 2026

Calling it a “special military operation,” President Vladimir Putin of Russia launches a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, capping decades of rising tensions between the neighboring states and former Soviet republics. The invasion, which Russia expected would result in a speedy victory, evolved into the largest ground war in Europe since World War II.  

Early on the morning of February 24, 2022, Russia fired missiles into Ukraine, targeting airports and military installations across the country. Lines of Russian troops, which had been amassing at the Ukrainian border for months, rolled toward major Ukrainian cities, including the capital, Kyiv.  

Vladimir Putin

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Ukraine, the second largest country in Europe by landmass, became an independent and sovereign state in 1991 as the Soviet Union collapsed. Even so, Russia continued to exert an outsized political influence on Ukraine. Russia strongly opposed Ukraine’s efforts to join NATO and the European Union. Following Russia’s 2014 annexation of Crimea and the outbreak of war in the region, Ukraine’s ongoing territorial conflict created a de facto barrier to NATO membership. Russia also meddled with Ukrainian elections to support candidates who were pro-Russia.  

To Ukrainians, the 2022 Russian invasion extended an ongoing conflict that started with Russia’s illegal annexation of Crimea. Putin justified the annexation of Crimea—a strategic peninsula located on the Black Sea—by arguing that Crimea was historically tied to Russia and that many residents were Russian-speaking and ethnically Russian. He has made similar assertions about the "historical unity" of Russia and Ukraine.

The invasion of Ukraine was not the “walk in the park” that Russian military officials were promised. Under the leadership of President Volodymyr Zelensky, Ukraine defended itself impressively, even taking the fight into Russian territory. As of February 2026, the war in Ukraine has cost tens of thousands of lives on both sides with no end in sight.  

Ukraine Has Seen Centuries of Conflict

Ukraine has long endured battles, with Russia’s 2022 invasion only the latest in a series of wars, rebellions, raids and pogroms to take place there.

Ukraine has long endured battles, with Russia’s 2022 invasion only the latest in a series of wars, rebellions, raids and pogroms to take place there.

By: Jesse Greenspan

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Citation Information

Article Title
Russia invades Ukraine
Website Name
History
Date Accessed
February 20, 2026
Publisher
A&E Television Networks
Last Updated
February 20, 2026
Original Published Date
February 19, 2026

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