By: HISTORY.com Editors
Robert Falcon Scott reaches the South Pole
After a two-month ordeal, the expedition of British explorer Robert Falcon Scott arrives at the South Pole only to find that Roald Amundsen, the Norwegian explorer, had preceded them by just over a month. Disappointed, the exhausted explorers prepared for a long and difficult journey back to their base camp.
Scott, a British naval officer, began his first Antarctic expedition in 1901 aboard the Discovery. During three years of exploration, he discovered the Edward VII Peninsula, surveyed the coast of Victoria Land—which were both areas of Antarctica on the Ross Sea—and led limited expeditions into the continent itself. In 1911, Scott and Amundsen began an undeclared race to the South Pole.
Matthew Henson Conquers the North Pole
Robert Peary is famous as the first explorer to officially reach the North Pole, but Matthew Henson might deserve just as much credit.
Sailing his ship into Antarctica’s Bay of Whales, Amundsen set up base camp 60 miles closer to the pole than Scott. In October, both explorers set off; Amundsen using sleigh dogs and Scott employing Siberian motor sledges, Siberian ponies, and dogs. On December 14, 1911, Amundsen’s expedition won the race to the pole. Encountering good weather on their return trip, they safely reached their base camp in late January.
Scott’s expedition was less fortunate. The motor sleds soon broke down, the ponies had to be shot, and the dog teams were sent back as Scott and four companions continued on foot. On January 17, they reached the pole—only to find that Amundsen had preceded them by more than a month. Weather on the return journey was exceptionally bad, two members perished and Scott and the other two survivors were trapped in their tent by a storm only 11 miles from their base camp. Scott wrote a final entry in his diary in late March. A search party discovered their frozen bodies eight months later. In his final journal entry, Scott wrote, "We shall stick it out to the end, but we are getting weaker, of course, and the end cannot be far. It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more...For God’s sake look after our people."
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Citation Information
- Article Title
- Robert Falcon Scott reaches the South Pole
- Author
- HISTORY.com Editors
- Website Name
- History
- Date Accessed
- October 29, 2026
- Publisher
- A&E Television Networks
- Last Updated
- May 27, 2025
- Original Published Date
- February 09, 2010
